Changing Transportation Behaviors in Jakarta

Recently I gave a public lecture at the University of Indonesia. I summarized selected aspects of my ongoing research on transportation, individual and institutional behavior change, and air pollution in Jabodetabek, aka Greater Jakarta. This post provides links to the slideshow from that presentation, in PDF format.

I hope that the gist is clear. If not, please use the form below to ask for more information.

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Changing Transportation Behaviors in Jakarta

The recent announcement that North Jakarta plans to develop fifty kilometers of bike lanes is hopeful news indeed. Multitudes of Jakartans have shown their enthusiasm for cycling on Car Free Days and at untold numbers of funbikes; many others depend on cycling to earn their livelihood. Also, among other benefits, bicycling represents a practical way to commute and to run errands that reduces the toxicity of Jakarta’s air and Indonesia’s contribution to global warming. So let’s hope that funding is provided.

But the new bike lanes will suffer the same neglect as those in Blok M, Bekasi, and Bandung unless the government and cycling groups take specific steps to ensure the lanes’ popularity among cyclists.

First and foremost, physical obstacles must block motorbikes and other vehicles along the entire length of the bicycle lane – thus making it a bicycle “path.” The mayor of North Jakarta stated that barriers will…

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Guilt, shame, or neither?

I recently read a research article on how Indonesian schools treat students who misbehave. The author raises and unfortunately mangles the guilt/shame contrast, but the whole exercise provoked me into thinking about the expectations that Indonesians display when someone faces accusations of wrongdoing. In short, displays of guilt or shame are in short supply; instead, criminals or the accused try an incredible variety of tactics, many of them public, to avoid responsibility. I’m searching for the one word, equivalent to guilt or shame, that can encapsulate this phenomenon.

The contrast between guilt and shame, as I was taught it, is this: In ‘guilt’ societies, people think that wrongdoers will change their ways only after they feel guilty about doing wrong – that is, if they feel bad regardless of whether anyone else knows what they did. Thus, in U.S. sentencing and parole board hearings, the convicts work express their feeling of guilt. Continue reading

Blasphemy Law

Indonesia’s Constitutional Court is conducting interesting hearings on the legal status of religion. According to a series of reports from the Jakarta Globe, the country’s Blasphemy Law, from 1965, limits Indonesians to six religions: Islam, Confucianism, Buddhism, Hinduism, and two forms of Christianity – Protestantism and Catholicism. This reconsideration of the Blasphemy Law is part of Indonesia’s fitful reconsideration of a democratic government’s role since the overthrow of Suharto in 1999.

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Earthquake safe?

Amid the tragic news from Haiti and now Chile, a selfish aspect of me is relieved to know that the death toll among U.S. foreign-service officers and their families is so low. As far as I’ve heard, one such person has died, in Haiti. This is simply because they – soon, “we” – live and work in sturdier buildings.

The comparative impunity of US foreign-service personnel suggests that relative safety from even such a random event can and does reflect economic inequalities. Continue reading

First embassy function

Last night, accompanying my spouse, I went to my first official function at the Indonesian Embassy in Washington, DC. It sounds gala – and I was wearing my suit – but the experience was less imposing than I had expected such events to be.

Here are some observations:

Lots of Java: Everyone whom I’ve met so far is from Java. I wonder whether this regional dominance extends throughout the government and, if so, how Indonesians feel about this pattern. Along these lines, when I asked one official whether he were Javanese, he hesitated and then responded that he was, “officially”; he seemed to imply that, more deeply, he was Indonesian.

Man’s world?: I can imagine that females in the foreign service face continual obstacles in many countries. Almost everyone representing Indonesia was male, and, if my experience is representative, it’s easier for males to strike up a conversation with each other. I say this because, as mere arm-candy with poor language skills, I made no attempt at first to converse with my hosts. Just show me the food line! But, without seeking it, I ended up speaking with the ambassador, the second in command, and others.

Saya tidak bicara bahasa indonesia: I’m learning to speak Indonesian, but I’m not there yet. So, at my big opportunity when the ambassador started conversing with me, my main statement was, in Indonesian, “I don’t speak Indonesian.” Next time!

The ambassador certainly does speak the language. I listened to his speech and picked out the occasional word that Rosetta Stone has thus far lodged into my brain. I hope that he didn’t say anything appalling, because I clapped when everyone else did. (I can imagine myself at the German embassy in the 1930s: “Heil, Hitler! Whatever that means.”) Actually, he seemed quite nice and even made sure that I put the correct sauce on my skewered chicken.

Earn this: It appeared that many of the U.S. visitors did not maximize this opportunity to learn and make connections. Instead, they ate and spoke with each other or had brief, pro forma exchanges with their Indonesian colleagues. Kudos to those who earned their chicken and vegetables – and their tax-paid salaries – by practicing their Indonesian and having real conversations with Indonesians.

Sober reflections: Maybe alcohol would have made conversation easier. But the hardest drink in the room was Coke. As someone who drinks alcohol rarely, I say, “Ha!”

Rumah tua pretty: The embassy has two parts, one of which is in an old mansion. Visitors can go on scheduled tours of the house, which I recommend. A couple of times in the past, I had wandered through the building in the semi-darkness a couple of times to practice with a gamelan, but it has some delightful features that require lighting to appreciate fully.